Qurbani (also known as Udhiyah) is the Islamic practice of sacrificing a livestock animal during the festival of Eid al-Adha. It is one of the most significant acts of worship in the Islamic calendar, commemorating the willingness of Prophet Ibrahim (AS) to sacrifice his son Ismail (AS) in obedience to Allah. For UK Muslims, understanding how to perform Qurbani correctly is vital to fulfilling this religious duty.
What Is Qurbani?
Qurbani refers to the slaughter of a livestock animal — a sheep, goat, cow, or camel — in the name of Allah during the days of Eid al-Adha. The word Qurbani comes from the Arabic Qurb, meaning “nearness” or “closeness”, reflecting the spiritual purpose of drawing closer to Allah through sacrifice and gratitude.
Who Must Perform Qurbani?
The majority of Islamic scholars hold that Qurbani is Wajib (obligatory) for every adult Muslim who:
- Is of sound mind and has reached puberty
- Is a resident (not travelling)
- Possesses wealth above the Nisab threshold (the same threshold as Zakat)
Some scholars consider Qurbani to be a highly recommended Sunnah (Sunnah Mu’akkadah). In either case, it is a matter of great importance and should not be neglected by those who are able to perform it.
When Is Qurbani Performed?
Qurbani is performed during the Days of Sacrifice (Ayyam al-Nahr), which begin on the 10th of Dhul Hijjah (the day of Eid al-Adha) and continue until the 12th or 13th of Dhul Hijjah. The sacrifice must be performed after the Eid prayer. It is not permissible to slaughter before the Eid prayer has been performed.
Which Animals Are Permissible for Qurbani?
The following animals are permissible for Qurbani:
- Sheep or goat: One sheep or goat counts as one Qurbani share (sufficient for one household)
- Cow or buffalo: One cow or buffalo can be shared between up to seven people
- Camel: One camel can be shared between up to seven people
The animals must be healthy, free from defects, and meet the minimum age requirements set by Islamic law.
How Is Qurbani Meat Distributed?
Islamic scholars recommend dividing the Qurbani meat into three equal portions:
- One third for yourself and your family
- One third for relatives and friends
- One third for those in need and the poor
Can You Give Qurbani on Behalf of Others?
Yes. It is permissible — and greatly rewarding — to give Qurbani on behalf of deceased relatives or those who are unable to do so themselves. Many UK Muslims donate Qurbani on behalf of deceased parents or loved ones as a form of Sadaqah Jariyah (continuous charity).
Performing Qurbani in the UK
UK Muslims have two main options for performing Qurbani:
- Local abattoirs: You can arrange for a Qurbani slaughter at a certified halal abattoir in the UK. This allows you to receive the meat directly.
- Donating through a charity: Many UK Islamic charities such as Islamic Relief, Muslim Aid, and Human Appeal carry out Qurbani on your behalf in countries where poverty is widespread, ensuring the meat reaches those in greatest need.
How Much Does Qurbani Cost in the UK?
The cost of Qurbani varies depending on the country where it is performed and the type of animal. Through reputable UK Islamic charities, a single Qurbani share can typically range from around £30 to £150, making it accessible to the vast majority of Muslims in the United Kingdom.
The Spiritual Significance of Qurbani
Qurbani is not merely a ritual — it is a profound act of faith, obedience, and gratitude to Allah. It reminds Muslims of the story of Prophet Ibrahim (AS) and the importance of submitting completely to Allah’s will. It also serves as a reminder of our duty to share our blessings with those who are less fortunate.
Conclusion
Qurbani is one of the most beloved acts of worship in Islam, uniting Muslims around the world in a shared spirit of sacrifice and gratitude during Eid al-Adha. Whether you perform Qurbani locally in the UK or donate through a trusted charity to feed those in need overseas, fulfilling this obligation brings immense spiritual reward and connects you to the legacy of Prophet Ibrahim (AS).